Overview

Dataset statistics

Number of variables16
Number of observations239
Missing cells136
Missing cells (%)3.6%
Duplicate rows0
Duplicate rows (%)0.0%
Total size in memory22.5 KiB
Average record size in memory96.3 B

Variable types

NUM8
CAT8

Reproduction

Analysis started2020-08-09 17:56:43.982747
Analysis finished2020-08-09 17:58:19.004885
Duration1 minute and 35.02 seconds
Versionpandas-profiling v2.8.0
Command linepandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv]
Download configurationconfig.yaml

Warnings

HeadOfState has a high cardinality: 178 distinct values High cardinality
Code2 has a high cardinality: 238 distinct values High cardinality
GNPOld is highly correlated with GNPHigh correlation
GNP is highly correlated with GNPOldHigh correlation
Region is highly correlated with ContinentHigh correlation
Continent is highly correlated with RegionHigh correlation
IndepYear has 47 (19.7%) missing values Missing
LifeExpectancy has 17 (7.1%) missing values Missing
GNPOld has 61 (25.5%) missing values Missing
HeadOfState has 3 (1.3%) missing values Missing
Capital has 7 (2.9%) missing values Missing
Code2 is uniformly distributed Uniform
Unnamed: 0 has unique values Unique
Code has unique values Unique
Name has unique values Unique
LocalName has unique values Unique
Population has 7 (2.9%) zeros Zeros
GNP has 24 (10.0%) zeros Zeros

Variables

Unnamed: 0
Real number (ℝ≥0)

UNIQUE

Distinct count239
Unique (%)100.0%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean119.0
Minimum0
Maximum238
Zeros1
Zeros (%)0.4%
Memory size1.9 KiB
2020-08-09T23:28:19.438727image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum0
5-th percentile11.9
Q159.5
median119
Q3178.5
95-th percentile226.1
Maximum238
Range238
Interquartile range (IQR)119

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation69.13754407
Coefficient of variation (CV)0.5809877653
Kurtosis-1.2
Mean119
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)60
Skewness0
Sum28441
Variance4780
2020-08-09T23:28:20.290605image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
23810.4%
 
7410.4%
 
8610.4%
 
8510.4%
 
8410.4%
 
8310.4%
 
8210.4%
 
8110.4%
 
8010.4%
 
7910.4%
 
Other values (229)22995.8%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
010.4%
 
110.4%
 
210.4%
 
310.4%
 
410.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
23810.4%
 
23710.4%
 
23610.4%
 
23510.4%
 
23410.4%
 

Code
Categorical

UNIQUE

Distinct count239
Unique (%)100.0%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size956.0 B
DZA
 
1
NGA
 
1
BFA
 
1
FJI
 
1
EGY
 
1
Other values (234)
234
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
DZA10.4%
 
NGA10.4%
 
BFA10.4%
 
FJI10.4%
 
EGY10.4%
 
ATF10.4%
 
FSM10.4%
 
ESH10.4%
 
MLT10.4%
 
MUS10.4%
 
Other values (229)22995.8%
 
2020-08-09T23:28:21.573219image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Length

Max length3
Median length3
Mean length3
Min length3

Name
Categorical

UNIQUE

Distinct count239
Unique (%)100.0%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size956.0 B
Japan
 
1
Latvia
 
1
Spain
 
1
Italy
 
1
Yemen
 
1
Other values (234)
234
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
Japan10.4%
 
Latvia10.4%
 
Spain10.4%
 
Italy10.4%
 
Yemen10.4%
 
Rwanda10.4%
 
Mali10.4%
 
American Samoa10.4%
 
Cameroon10.4%
 
Tunisia10.4%
 
Other values (229)22995.8%
 
2020-08-09T23:28:22.403143image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Length

Max length44
Median length8
Mean length10.10878661
Min length4

Continent
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count7
Unique (%)2.9%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size956.0 B
Africa
58
Asia
51
Europe
46
North America
37
Oceania
28
Other values (2)
19
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
Africa5824.3%
 
Asia5121.3%
 
Europe4619.2%
 
North America3715.5%
 
Oceania2811.7%
 
South America145.9%
 
Antarctica52.1%
 
2020-08-09T23:28:23.224705image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Length

Max length13
Median length6
Mean length7.267782427
Min length4

Region
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count25
Unique (%)10.5%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size956.0 B
Caribbean
 
24
Eastern Africa
 
20
Middle East
 
18
Western Africa
 
17
Southern Europe
 
15
Other values (20)
145
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
Caribbean2410.0%
 
Eastern Africa208.4%
 
Middle East187.5%
 
Western Africa177.1%
 
Southern Europe156.3%
 
South America145.9%
 
Southern and Central Asia145.9%
 
Southeast Asia114.6%
 
Eastern Europe104.2%
 
Polynesia104.2%
 
Other values (15)8636.0%
 
2020-08-09T23:28:24.109027image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Length

Max length25
Median length14
Mean length13.74895397
Min length9

SurfaceArea
Real number (ℝ≥0)

Distinct count238
Unique (%)99.6%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean623248.1460251047
Minimum0.4
Maximum17075400.0
Zeros0
Zeros (%)0.0%
Memory size1.9 KiB
2020-08-09T23:28:24.566583image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum0.4
5-th percentile58.4
Q12275
median71740
Q3398754.5
95-th percentile2348546.3
Maximum17075400
Range17075399.6
Interquartile range (IQR)396479.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation1924139.852
Coefficient of variation (CV)3.087277298
Kurtosis36.00863933
Mean623248.146
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)71504
Skewness5.653142765
Sum148956306.9
Variance3.702314171e+12
2020-08-09T23:28:25.276758image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
43020.8%
 
6530110.4%
 
3618810.4%
 
175954010.4%
 
11208810.4%
 
8385910.4%
 
18103510.4%
 
7886610.4%
 
3612510.4%
 
23680010.4%
 
Other values (228)22895.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
0.410.4%
 
1.510.4%
 
610.4%
 
1210.4%
 
1410.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
1707540010.4%
 
1312000010.4%
 
997061010.4%
 
957290010.4%
 
936352010.4%
 

IndepYear
Real number (ℝ)

MISSING

Distinct count88
Unique (%)45.8%
Missing47
Missing (%)19.7%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean1847.2604166666667
Minimum-1523.0
Maximum1994.0
Zeros0
Zeros (%)0.0%
Memory size1.9 KiB
2020-08-09T23:28:25.702881image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum-1523
5-th percentile1317.6
Q11906.75
median1960
Q31974
95-th percentile1991
Maximum1994
Range3517
Interquartile range (IQR)67.25

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation420.8313698
Coefficient of variation (CV)0.2278137755
Kurtosis38.16193468
Mean1847.260417
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)21
Skewness-5.83593828
Sum354674
Variance177099.0418
2020-08-09T23:28:26.153507image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
1960187.5%
 
1991187.5%
 
196272.9%
 
197572.9%
 
191852.1%
 
194852.1%
 
196841.7%
 
196641.7%
 
197141.7%
 
196531.3%
 
Other values (78)11749.0%
 
(Missing)4719.7%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
-152310.4%
 
-100010.4%
 
-66010.4%
 
80010.4%
 
83610.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
199410.4%
 
199331.3%
 
199210.4%
 
1991187.5%
 
199031.3%
 

Population
Real number (ℝ≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count226
Unique (%)94.6%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean25434098.11715481
Minimum0
Maximum1277558000
Zeros7
Zeros (%)2.9%
Memory size1.9 KiB
2020-08-09T23:28:26.913759image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum0
5-th percentile2000
Q1238000
median3869000
Q314935500
95-th percentile80065270
Maximum1277558000
Range1277558000
Interquartile range (IQR)14697500

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation109339817.2
Coefficient of variation (CV)4.298946112
Kurtosis100.0207841
Mean25434098.12
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)3836700
Skewness9.594584625
Sum6078749450
Variance1.195519563e+16
2020-08-09T23:28:27.419000image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
072.9%
 
200041.7%
 
3800020.8%
 
1200020.8%
 
6800020.8%
 
7800020.8%
 
1054570010.4%
 
57800010.4%
 
81700010.4%
 
352000010.4%
 
Other values (216)21690.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
072.9%
 
5010.4%
 
60010.4%
 
100010.4%
 
200041.7%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
127755800010.4%
 
101366200010.4%
 
27835700010.4%
 
21210700010.4%
 
17011500010.4%
 

LifeExpectancy
Real number (ℝ≥0)

MISSING

Distinct count160
Unique (%)72.1%
Missing17
Missing (%)7.1%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean66.48603603603604
Minimum37.2
Maximum83.5
Zeros0
Zeros (%)0.0%
Memory size1.9 KiB
2020-08-09T23:28:27.968659image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum37.2
5-th percentile44.06
Q160.3
median70.15
Q375.5
95-th percentile79
Maximum83.5
Range46.3
Interquartile range (IQR)15.2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation11.5192671
Coefficient of variation (CV)0.1732584432
Kurtosis-0.1918633213
Mean66.48603604
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)6.65
Skewness-0.919827065
Sum14759.9
Variance132.6935145
2020-08-09T23:28:28.499003image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
78.841.7%
 
73.741.7%
 
71.441.7%
 
76.131.3%
 
68.631.3%
 
75.531.3%
 
50.831.3%
 
77.831.3%
 
64.531.3%
 
71.131.3%
 
Other values (150)18979.1%
 
(Missing)177.1%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
37.210.4%
 
37.510.4%
 
37.610.4%
 
37.810.4%
 
38.310.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
83.510.4%
 
81.610.4%
 
81.110.4%
 
80.710.4%
 
80.110.4%
 

GNP
Real number (ℝ≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct count214
Unique (%)89.5%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean122823.88242677823
Minimum0.0
Maximum8510700.0
Zeros24
Zeros (%)10.0%
Memory size1.9 KiB
2020-08-09T23:28:28.986493image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum0
5-th percentile0
Q1640
median4787
Q329944.5
95-th percentile375723
Maximum8510700
Range8510700
Interquartile range (IQR)29304.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation637997.5788
Coefficient of variation (CV)5.194409802
Kurtosis131.0046786
Mean122823.8824
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)4687
Skewness10.66558055
Sum29354907.9
Variance4.070409105e+11
2020-08-09T23:28:29.512338image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
02410.0%
 
620.8%
 
61220.8%
 
3815810.4%
 
119710.4%
 
623210.4%
 
13763510.4%
 
93510.4%
 
2703710.4%
 
19574610.4%
 
Other values (204)20485.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
02410.0%
 
620.8%
 
910.4%
 
40.710.4%
 
6010.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
851070010.4%
 
378704210.4%
 
213336710.4%
 
142428510.4%
 
137833010.4%
 

GNPOld
Real number (ℝ≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
MISSING

Distinct count178
Unique (%)100.0%
Missing61
Missing (%)25.5%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean165534.31460674157
Minimum157.0
Maximum8110900.0
Zeros0
Zeros (%)0.0%
Memory size1.9 KiB
2020-08-09T23:28:30.546575image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum157
5-th percentile414.45
Q12187
median8421
Q371145.5
95-th percentile546070.25
Maximum8110900
Range8110743
Interquartile range (IQR)68958.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation720468.9053
Coefficient of variation (CV)4.352384018
Kurtosis89.52368946
Mean165534.3146
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)7696.5
Skewness8.843636378
Sum29465108
Variance5.190754435e+11
2020-08-09T23:28:31.170982image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
867010.4%
 
176710.4%
 
738810.4%
 
594010.4%
 
892010.4%
 
7561710.4%
 
688410.4%
 
202310.4%
 
255910.4%
 
247410.4%
 
Other values (168)16870.3%
 
(Missing)6125.5%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
15710.4%
 
17010.4%
 
22010.4%
 
24310.4%
 
24610.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
811090010.4%
 
419263810.4%
 
210282610.4%
 
139244810.4%
 
129683010.4%
 

LocalName
Categorical

UNIQUE

Distinct count239
Unique (%)100.0%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size956.0 B
Elláda
 
1
YisraÂ’el/IsraÂ’il
 
1
Réunion
 
1
British Indian Ocean Territory
 
1
Guyane française
 
1
Other values (234)
234
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
Elláda10.4%
 
YisraÂ’el/IsraÂ’il10.4%
 
Réunion10.4%
 
British Indian Ocean Territory10.4%
 
Guyane française10.4%
 
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands10.4%
 
France10.4%
 
Perú/Piruw10.4%
 
Azärbaycan10.4%
 
République Démocratique du Congo10.4%
 
Other values (229)22995.8%
 
2020-08-09T23:28:31.805200image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Length

Max length44
Median length10
Mean length12.07112971
Min length2

GovernmentForm
Categorical

Distinct count35
Unique (%)14.6%
Missing0
Missing (%)0.0%
Memory size956.0 B
Republic
122
Constitutional Monarchy
29
Federal Republic
 
15
Dependent Territory of the UK
 
12
Monarchy
 
5
Other values (30)
56
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
Republic12251.0%
 
Constitutional Monarchy2912.1%
 
Federal Republic156.3%
 
Dependent Territory of the UK125.0%
 
Monarchy52.1%
 
Constitutional Monarchy, Federation41.7%
 
Territory of Australia41.7%
 
Overseas Department of France41.7%
 
Nonmetropolitan Territory of France41.7%
 
Nonmetropolitan Territory of New Zealand31.3%
 
Other values (25)3715.5%
 
2020-08-09T23:28:32.824654image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Length

Max length44
Median length8
Mean length15.51882845
Min length8

HeadOfState
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY
MISSING

Distinct count178
Unique (%)75.4%
Missing3
Missing (%)1.3%
Memory size956.0 B
Elisabeth II
 
35
Jacques Chirac
 
11
George W. Bush
 
7
Beatrix
 
3
Margrethe II
 
3
Other values (173)
177
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
Elisabeth II3514.6%
 
Jacques Chirac114.6%
 
George W. Bush72.9%
 
Beatrix31.3%
 
Margrethe II31.3%
 
Harald V31.3%
 
Jiang Zemin31.3%
 
Francisco Guillermo Flores Pérez10.4%
 
Sellapan Rama Nathan10.4%
 
Rudolf Schuster10.4%
 
Other values (168)16870.3%
 
(Missing)31.3%
 
2020-08-09T23:28:33.569252image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Length

Max length36
Median length14
Mean length15.87029289
Min length3

Capital
Real number (ℝ≥0)

MISSING

Distinct count232
Unique (%)100.0%
Missing7
Missing (%)2.9%
Infinite0
Infinite (%)0.0%
Mean2071.3060344827586
Minimum1.0
Maximum4074.0
Zeros0
Zeros (%)0.0%
Memory size1.9 KiB
2020-08-09T23:28:34.140693image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Quantile statistics

Minimum1
5-th percentile100.35
Q1915.75
median2449.5
Q33065.25
95-th percentile3510.65
Maximum4074
Range4073
Interquartile range (IQR)2149.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation1184.095609
Coefficient of variation (CV)0.5716661806
Kurtosis-1.246317919
Mean2071.306034
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)812.5
Skewness-0.4059856067
Sum480543
Variance1402082.412
2020-08-09T23:28:34.672114image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
406710.4%
 
334910.4%
 
323610.4%
 
316110.4%
 
306810.4%
 
301810.4%
 
58510.4%
 
297210.4%
 
280610.4%
 
91710.4%
 
Other values (222)22292.9%
 
(Missing)72.9%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
110.4%
 
510.4%
 
3310.4%
 
3410.4%
 
3510.4%
 
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
407410.4%
 
406810.4%
 
406710.4%
 
381310.4%
 
379110.4%
 

Code2
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY
UNIFORM

Distinct count238
Unique (%)100.0%
Missing1
Missing (%)0.4%
Memory size956.0 B
DJ
 
1
SN
 
1
TD
 
1
HU
 
1
VA
 
1
Other values (233)
233
ValueCountFrequency (%) 
DJ10.4%
 
SN10.4%
 
TD10.4%
 
HU10.4%
 
VA10.4%
 
CG10.4%
 
KE10.4%
 
TG10.4%
 
PE10.4%
 
HR10.4%
 
Other values (228)22895.4%
 
2020-08-09T23:28:35.307683image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Length

Max length3
Median length2
Mean length2.0041841
Min length2

Interactions

2020-08-09T23:27:30.518670image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:31.522138image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:32.103869image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:32.678417image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:33.263255image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:33.843596image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:34.562326image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:35.456884image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:35.997159image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:36.895863image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:37.470845image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:38.042736image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:38.623671image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:39.283325image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:39.841646image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:41.191052image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:41.871170image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:42.397782image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:42.962743image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:43.518758image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:44.071789image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:44.605338image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:45.174924image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:45.710621image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:46.365727image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:47.264637image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:48.406984image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:49.012696image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:49.724018image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:50.360599image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:50.943748image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:51.593032image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:52.464904image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:53.330958image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:53.863184image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:54.513058image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:55.172919image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:55.862807image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:56.386597image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:56.904673image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:57.438634image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:58.313135image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:58.914817image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:59.426062image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:27:59.941914image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:00.444809image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:00.931879image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:01.444808image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:01.976908image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:02.514760image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:03.073043image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:03.921293image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:04.471832image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:04.988772image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:05.727852image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:06.308792image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:06.891398image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:07.459895image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:08.051323image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:08.614590image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:09.499459image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:10.270846image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:10.923763image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:11.593294image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Correlations

2020-08-09T23:28:35.925517image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
2020-08-09T23:28:36.650801image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
2020-08-09T23:28:37.417015image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.
2020-08-09T23:28:38.745301image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.
2020-08-09T23:28:39.760087image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Missing values

2020-08-09T23:28:12.709037image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:13.943835image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:16.925996image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/
2020-08-09T23:28:18.590100image/svg+xmlMatplotlib v3.3.0, https://matplotlib.org/

Sample

First rows

Unnamed: 0CodeNameContinentRegionSurfaceAreaIndepYearPopulationLifeExpectancyGNPGNPOldLocalNameGovernmentFormHeadOfStateCapitalCode2
00ABWArubaNorth AmericaCaribbean193.0NaN10300078.4828.0793.0ArubaNonmetropolitan Territory of The NetherlandsBeatrix129.0AW
11AFGAfghanistanAsiaSouthern and Central Asia652090.01919.02272000045.95976.0NaNAfganistan/AfqanestanIslamic EmirateMohammad Omar1.0AF
22AGOAngolaAfricaCentral Africa1246700.01975.01287800038.36648.07984.0AngolaRepublicJosé Eduardo dos Santos56.0AO
33AIAAnguillaNorth AmericaCaribbean96.0NaN800076.163.2NaNAnguillaDependent Territory of the UKElisabeth II62.0AI
44ALBAlbaniaEuropeSouthern Europe28748.01912.0340120071.63205.02500.0ShqipëriaRepublicRexhep Mejdani34.0AL
55ANDAndorraEuropeSouthern Europe468.01278.07800083.51630.0NaNAndorraParliamentary CoprincipalityNaN55.0AD
66ANTNetherlands AntillesNorth AmericaCaribbean800.0NaN21700074.71941.0NaNNederlandse AntillenNonmetropolitan Territory of The NetherlandsBeatrix33.0AN
77AREUnited Arab EmiratesAsiaMiddle East83600.01971.0244100074.137966.036846.0Al-Imarat al-´Arabiya al-MuttahidaEmirate FederationZayid bin Sultan al-Nahayan65.0AE
88ARGArgentinaSouth AmericaSouth America2780400.01816.03703200075.1340238.0323310.0ArgentinaFederal RepublicFernando de la Rúa69.0AR
99ARMArmeniaAsiaMiddle East29800.01991.0352000066.41813.01627.0HajastanRepublicRobert Kotšarjan126.0AM

Last rows

Unnamed: 0CodeNameContinentRegionSurfaceAreaIndepYearPopulationLifeExpectancyGNPGNPOldLocalNameGovernmentFormHeadOfStateCapitalCode2
229229VIRVirgin Islands, U.S.North AmericaCaribbean347.0NaN9300078.10.0NaNVirgin Islands of the United StatesUS TerritoryGeorge W. Bush4067.0VI
230230VNMVietnamAsiaSoutheast Asia331689.01945.07983200069.321929.022834.0Viêt NamSocialistic RepublicTrân Duc Luong3770.0VN
231231VUTVanuatuOceaniaMelanesia12189.01980.019000060.6261.0246.0VanuatuRepublicJohn Bani3537.0VU
232232WLFWallis and FutunaOceaniaPolynesia200.0NaN15000NaN0.0NaNWallis-et-FutunaNonmetropolitan Territory of FranceJacques Chirac3536.0WF
233233WSMSamoaOceaniaPolynesia2831.01962.018000069.2141.0157.0SamoaParlementary MonarchyMalietoa Tanumafili II3169.0WS
234234YEMYemenAsiaMiddle East527968.01918.01811200059.86041.05729.0Al-YamanRepublicAli Abdallah Salih1780.0YE
235235YUGYugoslaviaEuropeSouthern Europe102173.01918.01064000072.417000.0NaNJugoslavijaFederal RepublicVojislav Koštunica1792.0YU
236236ZAFSouth AfricaAfricaSouthern Africa1221037.01910.04037700051.1116729.0129092.0South AfricaRepublicThabo Mbeki716.0ZA
237237ZMBZambiaAfricaEastern Africa752618.01964.0916900037.23377.03922.0ZambiaRepublicFrederick Chiluba3162.0ZM
238238ZWEZimbabweAfricaEastern Africa390757.01980.01166900037.85951.08670.0ZimbabweRepublicRobert G. Mugabe4068.0ZW